Provided strategic advice on the creation of enabling environments for special economic zones (SEZs) and key aspects for the development and operation of SEZs in African countries. As a basis for this, we applied the findings of a comprehensive comparative study on SEZs in Africa and China that we conducted in 2015. The study found that despite the diversity of SEZs, common challenges regarding enabling environments, coordination, infrastructure and linkages to the local economy and labor market exist and offered recommendations on how these challenges can be overcome.